On 4 December 1981 President The President of the United States is the head of state and head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in the United States by influence and recognition. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is one of only two nationally elected federal officers Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan was the 40th President of the United States (1981–1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967–1975) signed Executive Order 12333, an Executive Order An executive order in the United States is an order issued by the President, the head of the executive branch of the federal government. In other countries, similar edicts may be known as decrees, or orders-in-council. Executive orders may also be issued at the state level by a state's Governor or at the local level by the city's Mayor. U.S intended to extend powers and responsibilities of US intelligence agencies and direct the leaders of U.S. federal agencies to co-operate fully with CIA requests for information.[1] This executive order was entitled United States Intelligence Activities.

It was amended by Executive Order 13355: Strengthened Management of the Intelligence Community, on August 27, 2004. On July 30, 2008, President Bush George Walker Bush ( /ˈdʒɔrdʒ ˈwɔːkər ˈbʊʃ/ ; born July 6, 1946) was the 43rd President of the United States, serving from 2001 to 2009, and the 46th Governor of Texas, serving from 1995 to 2000 issued Executive Order 13470[2] amending Executive Order 12333 to strengthen the role of the DNI Under 50 U.S.C. § 403-3a, it is desired that either the Director or the Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence be an active duty commissioned officer in the armed forces or have training or experience in military intelligence activities and requirements. No more than one officer can hold either position during the same term. The.[3][4]

Contents

Background

EO 12333 was invoked by SOCOM lawyers as the legal reasoning behind the destruction of 2.5 terabytes of data compiled by Able Danger. Able Danger Able Danger was a classified military planning effort under the command of the U.S. Special Operations Command . It was created as a result of a directive from the Joint Chiefs of Staff in early October 1999 by Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Hugh Shelton, to develop an Information Operations Campaign Plan against transnational terrorism, & was the J3 planning operation that allegedly identified four of the hijackers in the 9/11 attacks The September 11 attacks were a series of coordinated suicide attacks by Al-Qaeda upon the United States on September 11, 2001. On that morning, 19 Al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners. The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, killing. Able Danger liaison to the Defense Intelligence Agency The Defense Intelligence Agency, or DIA, is a major producer and manager of military intelligence for the United States Department of Defense, employing over 16,500 military and civilian employees worldwide. The Defense Intelligence Community is headed by the DIA, through its Director , and coordinates the activities of the Army, Navy, Marine, Lt. Col. Anthony Shaffer claims that 9/11 ringleader Mohamed Atta Mohamed Mohamed el-Amir Awad el-Sayed Atta (September 1, 1968 - September 11, 2001) was the hijacker-pilot who crashed American Airlines Flight 11 into the North Tower of the World Trade Center in the September 11 attacks, and was ringleader of the attacks, Marwan al-Shehhi, and two of the muscle hijackers aboard AA77 were identified as early as January/February 2000 by the Able Danger team.[5] The invocation of EO 12333 is particularly strange in this case considering the retention of data is allowed when the information is "publicly available" or "obtained in the course of a ...international terrorism investigation."[6]

Proscription on assassination

One of the clauses of this executive order reiterates a proscription on US intelligence agencies sponsoring or carrying out an assassination. Previously, EO 11905 (Gerald Ford) had banned political assassinations and EO 12036 (Jimmy Carter) had further banned indirect U.S. involvement in assassinations.[7] As early as 1998, this proscription against assassination was reinterpreted, and relaxed, for targets who are classified by the United States as connected to terrorism.[8][9]

See also

References

  1. ^ Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan was the 40th President of the United States (1981–1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967–1975) (1981-12-04). "Executive Order 12333--United States intelligence activities". US Federal Register. http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/12333.html. Retrieved 2008-12-30.
  2. ^ Executive Order 13470
  3. ^ "Bush Orders Intelligence Overhaul", by Associated Press The Associated Press is an American news agency. The AP is a cooperative owned by its contributing newspapers, radio and television stations in the United States, which both contribute stories to the AP and use material written by its staff journalists. Many newspapers and broadcasters outside the United States are AP subscribers, paying a fee to, July 31, 2008
  4. ^ Executive Order: Further Amendments to Executive Order 12333, United States Intelligence Activities, White House The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical style. It has been the residence of every U.S, July 31, 2008
  5. ^ Able Danger Blog: Lt. Col. Shaffer's written testimony
  6. ^ EO 12333 - UNITED STATES INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES
  7. ^ CRS Report for Congress Assassination Ban and E.O. 12333: A Brief Summary January 4th, 2002
  8. ^ "Saddam Hussein's Death Is a Goal, Says Ex-CIA Chief". Washington Post The Washington Post is Washington, D.C.'s largest newspaper and its oldest, founded in 1877. Located in the capital of the United States, The Post has a particular emphasis on national politics. D.C., Maryland, and Virginia editions are printed for daily circulation. 1998-02-15. p. A36. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/iraq/keyplayers/saddam021598.htm. Retrieved 2008-12-30. mirror
  9. ^ Barton Gellman (2001-10-21). "CIA Weighs 'Targeted Killing' Missions: Administration Believes Restraints Do Not Bar Singling Out Individual Terrorists". Washington Post The Washington Post is Washington, D.C.'s largest newspaper and its oldest, founded in 1877. Located in the capital of the United States, The Post has a particular emphasis on national politics. D.C., Maryland, and Virginia editions are printed for daily circulation. p. A01. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A63203-2001Oct27?language=printer. Retrieved 2008-12-30. mirror

External links

Major US Intelligence Reforms

National Security Act of 1947 The National Security Act of 1947 was signed by United States President Harry S. Truman on July 26, 1947, and realigned and reorganized the U.S. Armed Forces, foreign policy, and Intelligence Community apparatus in the aftermath of World War II. The majority of the provisions of the Act took effect on September 18, 1947, the day after the Senate (1947) • The First Hoover Commission - Eberstadt Report (1947) • The Dulles-Jackson-Correa Report (1949) • The Second Hoover Commission (1953) • The Doolittle Report (1954) • The Bruce-Lovett Report (1956) • The Taylor Report (1961) • The Kirkpatrick Report (1961) • The Schlesinger Report (1971) • The Murphey Investigation (794) • The Rockefeller Commission (1975) • The Church Committee The Church Committee is the common term referring to the United States Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, a U.S. Senate committee chaired by Senator Frank Church in 1975. A precursor to the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, the committee investigated intelligence gathering (1976) • The Pike Committee (1976) • Clifford/Cline Proposals (1976) • EO 11905 (Ford) (1976) • Charter Legislation (1978) • EO 12036 (Carter) (1978) • EO 12333 (Reagan) (1981) • Iran-Contra Investigation (1987) • Boren-McCurdy (1992) • Aspen-Brown Commission (1995) • IC21 (1996) • US Commission on National Security/21st Century (2001) • 9/11 Commission Report The 9/11 Commission Report, formally named Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, is the official report of the events leading up to the September 11, 2001 attacks. It was prepared by the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States at the request of the President and Congress, and (2004) • WMD Commission (2005) • EO 13470 (G. W. Bush) (2008) •

Categories: Intelligence gathering law | Executive orders of Ronald Reagan

 

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