A Dominican American (also Dominican-York)[2] is any American ^ b. English is the de facto language of American government and the sole language spoken at home by 80% of Americans age five and older. Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language who has origins in the Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic (pronounced /dɒmˌɪnɪkən rɨˈpʌblɪk/ ; Spanish: República Dominicana, pronounced [reˈpuβlika ðominiˈkana]) is a nation on the island of Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two. (Not to be mistaken for Dominicans from the Commonwealth of Dominica Dominica, (pronounced /dəˈmɪnɪkə/ ; French: Dominique) officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island nation in the Caribbean Sea. To the north-northwest lies Guadeloupe, to the southeast Martinique. Its size is 754 square kilometres (291 sq mi) and the highest point in the country is Morne Diablotins, which has an elevation of 1,447).

Immigration records of Dominicans in the United States ^ b. English is the de facto language of American government and the sole language spoken at home by 80% of Americans age five and older. Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language date from the late 1800s, and New York City New York is the most populous city in the United States, and the center of the New York metropolitan area, which is one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. A leading global city, New York exerts a powerful influence over global commerce, finance, media, culture, art, fashion, research, education, and entertainment. As host of the has had a Dominican community since the 1930s. From the 1960s onward, after the fall of the Rafael Trujillo Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina ruled the Dominican Republic from 1930 until his assassination in 1961. He officially served as president from 1930 to 1938 and again from 1942 to 1952, ruling for the rest of his tenure in office as an unelected military strongman. His tyranny, historically known as "La Era de Trujillo" or "The military regime, large waves of migration have thoroughly transnationalized the Dominican Republic, metaphorically blurring its frontier with the United States. In 2006, there were approximately 1.2 million people of Dominican descent in the US, both native and foreign-born.[1]

Contents

History

Since the early 1960s, economic problems and political turmoil in the Dominican Republic have led to a vast migration of Dominicans to the U.S., mainly to East coast The East Coast of the United States, also known as the "Eastern Seaboard", refers to the easternmost coastal states in the central and northern United States, which touch the Atlantic Ocean and stretch up to Canada. In a geographical sense, the term Eastern Seaboard is widely used; in popular usage, the term "East Coast" is cities, particularly New York City and other places in New York New York City, which is geographically the largest city in the state and most populous in the United States, is known for its history as a gateway for immigration to the United States and its status as a financial, cultural, transportation, and manufacturing center. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, it is also a destination of choice; North Jersey North Jersey is an ill-defined northern portion of the U.S. state of New Jersey ; South Jersey South Jersey is a colloquial term, with no consensus definition, covering the southern portions of the U.S. state of New Jersey between the lower Delaware River and the Atlantic Ocean. A straightforward, noncolloquial term for the region is southern New Jersey ; South Florida The South Florida metropolitan area, more commonly South Florida, and officially the Miami–Fort Lauderdale–Pompano Beach Metropolitan Area encompasses a three-county area of the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Florida. The metropolitan area covers the counties of Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach. The three counties are the three most (Miami Miami is a major city located on the Atlantic coast in southeastern Florida. Miami is the county seat of Miami-Dade County, the most populous county in Florida. It is the principal city and the center of the South Florida metropolitan area, which had a 2008 population of 5,414,712; ranking 7th largest in the U.S.. The Miami Urbanized Area (as and Fort Lauderdale Fort Lauderdale is a city in the U.S. state of Florida, on the Atlantic coast. It is the county seat of Broward County. According to 2007 U.S. Census Bureau estimates, the city had a population of 183,606. It is a principal city of the South Florida metropolitan area, which is home to over 5,413,212 people); Providence, Rhode Island Providence is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, and one of the first cities established in the United States. Located in Providence County, it is the estimated second or third largest citya[›] in the New England region. Despite the city proper only having an estimated population of 171,557 as of 2008, it; and Lawrence and Boston, Massachusetts Boston (pronounced /ˈbɒstən/ ) is the capital and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is sometimes regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact. Boston city proper had a 2008 estimated population of 620,5. Smaller waves of Dominicans have gone to the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia is the largest city in Pennsylvania and the sixth-most-populous city in the United States; Houston, Texas Houston is the fourth-largest city in the United States and the largest city in the state of Texas. As of the 2009 U.S. Census estimate, the city had a population of 2.2 million within an area of 600 square miles (1,600 km2). Houston is the seat of Harris County and the economic center of the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area—the; Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. , formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States, founded on July 16, 1790. The City of Washington was originally a separate municipality within the Territory of Columbia until an act of Congress in 1871 effectively merged the City and the; Kansas City, Missouri Kansas City is the largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri. It encompasses 318 square miles in parts of Jackson, county. It is one of two county seats of Jackson County, the other being Independence, just to the city's east. The city also serves as the anchor city of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, second largest in Missouri, and largest; and New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans (pronounced /nuː ˈɔrliənz/ or /nuː ɔrˈliːnz/, locally [nuː ˈɔrlənz] or [ˈnɔrlənz]; French: La Nouvelle-Orléans [la nuvɛlɔʁleɑ̃] ) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana metropolitan areas A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence, or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central cities and their zone of influence. One or more large cities may serve as its hub or hubs, and the metropolitan area is normally named after either the largest or most. Dominican Americans have settled in these areas largely because of the already existing and growing Latino Hispanic and Latino Americans are Americans with origins in the Hispanic countries of Latin America or in Spain. The group encompasses distinct sub-groups by national origin and race, with ancestries from all continents represented. Some members of the community prefer Hispanic and others Latino, the latter being more common in the western United community found in these places, having come on the heels of a similar migration of Puerto Ricans Mostly Roman Catholic. Minority Protestantism, Santeria, Islam, Judaism.

Demographics

Almost half of all the Dominican Americans today have arrived since the 1990s. New York City's Washington Heights Washington Heights is a New York City neighborhood in the northern reaches of the borough of Manhattan. It is named for Fort Washington, a fortification constructed at the highest point on Manhattan island by Continental Army troops during the American Revolutionary War, to defend the area from the British forces. During the Battle of Fort neighborhood, on the northwestern tip of Manhattan, is so densely populated by Dominican Americans that it is sometimes referred to as Quisqueya Heights,[citation needed] after Quisqueya, the Taino The Taínos were pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Bahamas, Greater Antilles, and the northern Lesser Antilles. It is believed that the seafaring Taínos are relatives of the Arawakan people of South America. Their language is a member of the Maipurean linguistic family, which ranges from South America across the Caribbean name for the island Dominican Republic is located on (modern day Hispaniola). Dominican Americans are now the fifth-largest Hispanic group in the United States, after the Mexican American Spanish, American English, Spanglish, and a minority of Indigenous Mexican languages majority, Puerto Rican Americans Mostly Roman Catholic. Minority Protestantism, Santeria, Islam, Judaism, Cuban Americans A Cuban American is a United States citizen who traces his or her "national origin" to Cuba. Cuban Americans are also considered native born Americans with Cuban parents or Cuban-born persons who were raised and educated in US. Cuban Americans form the third-largest Hispanic group in the United States and also the largest group of, and Salvadoran Americans Salvadoran Americans are residents of the United States of Salvadoran descent. As of 2006 there are roughly 1.37 million Salvadoran Americans in the United States, the fourth largest Hispanic community by nation of ancestry.[3]

As of 2006, the largest concentrations of Dominican Americans are in New York New York City, which is geographically the largest city in the state and most populous in the United States, is known for its history as a gateway for immigration to the United States and its status as a financial, cultural, transportation, and manufacturing center. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, it is also a destination of choice (659,962), New Jersey The area was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years, with historical tribes such as the Lenape along the coast. In the early 1600s, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements. The English later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey. It was granted as a colony to Sir George Carteret (167,689), Florida With an area of 65,758 square miles , it is ranked 22nd in size among the 50 U.S. states. Florida has the most coastline in the Contiguous United States encompassing approximately 1,200 miles. The state has four large urban areas, a number of smaller industrial cities, and many small towns (136,891), Massachusetts Massachusetts has been significant throughout American history. Plymouth was the second permanent English settlement in North America. Many of Massachusetts's towns were founded by colonists from England in the 1620s and 1630s. The Merrimack Valley has been, since 1650, a center of creativity through the poetic word. America's first published poet (83,700), Pennsylvania Pennsylvania has 51 miles of coastline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km) of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary (36,091), Rhode Island The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, more commonly referred to as Rhode Island ( /ˌroʊd ˈaɪlɨnd/ or /rɵˈdaɪlɨnd/), is a state in the New England region of the United States. It is the smallest U.S. state by area. Rhode Island borders Connecticut to the west and Massachusetts to the north and east, and it shares a water (30,876), and Connecticut Southwestern Connecticut is part of the New York metropolitan area; three of Connecticut's eight counties, including most of the state's population, are in the New York City combined statistical area, commonly called the Tri-State Region. Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire, New Haven County (17,213) — the seven U.S. states A U.S. state is any one of 50 federated states of the United States of America that share sovereignty with the federal government. Because of this shared sovereignty, an American is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of domicile. Four states use the official title of commonwealth rather than state. State citizenship is with 10,000 or more Dominican Americans. The Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data. As part of the United States Department of Commerce, the Census Bureau serves as a leading source of data about America's people and economy estimated the nationwide Dominican American population at 1,217,225 in 2006.[4]

Since 1980, the Census Bureau has asked U.S. residents The United States has a total resident population of 309,147,000. It is a very urbanized population, with 81% residing in cities and suburbs as of mid-2005 . California and Texas are the most populous states, as the mean center of United States population has consistently shifted westward and southward to classify their race Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the United States Census Bureau and the Federal Office of Management and Budget , are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are of Hispanic or Latino origin (ethnicity) separately from their Hispanic or Latino origin Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the United States Census Bureau and the Federal Office of Management and Budget , are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are of Hispanic or Latino origin (ethnicity), if any. In 1990, 29.2% of Dominican Americans responded that they were white, while 30% considered themselves black. 39.8% of the total, composing a plurality, chose the "other" category.[5] The prevalence of the "other race" category probably reflects the large number of people of mixed African The term black people usually refers to a racial group of humans with skin colors that range from light brown to nearly black, according to a recent scientific study human skin color diversity is highest in sub-Saharan African populations. It is also used to categorize a number of diverse populations together based on historical and prehistorical and European White people is a term which usually refers to human beings characterized, at least in part, by the light pigmentation of their skin. Rather than a straightforward description of skin color, the term white also functions as a color term for race, often referring narrowly to people claiming ancestry exclusively from Europe ancestry in the Dominican Republic, where 73% of the population are of mixed African and European descent, commonly known as mulato Mulatto denotes a person with one white parent and one black parent, or more broadly, a person of mixed black and white ancestry. Contemporary usage of the term varies greatly, and the broader sense of the term makes its application rather subjective, as not all people of mixed white and black ancestry choose to self-identify as mulatto. Some.[6] Many are triracial, however, having also Taíno The Taínos were pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Bahamas, Greater Antilles, and the northern Lesser Antilles. It is believed that the seafaring Taínos are relatives of the Arawakan people of South America. Their language is a member of the Maipurean linguistic family, which ranges from South America across the Caribbean (Native American The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of North, Central, and South America, their descendants, and many ethnic groups who identify with those peoples. They are often also referred to as Native Americans, Aboriginals, First Nations , Amerigine[dubious – discuss], and by Christopher Columbus' geographical and) ancestry.[citation needed]

Distribution

The top 25 US communities with the highest percentages of people claiming Dominican ancestry are:[7]

  1. Haverstraw (village), New York 26.95%
  2. Lawrence, Massachusetts 22.47%
  3. Perth Amboy, New Jersey Perth Amboy is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the city population was 47,303. Perth Amboy is known as the "City by the Bay" 18.81%
  4. Passaic, New Jersey Passaic is a city in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the city had a total population of 67,861. Located north of Newark on the Passaic River, it was first settled in 1678 by Dutch traders, as Acquackanonk Township. The city and river draw their name from the Lenape word "pahsayèk" meaning & 13.06%
  5. Sleepy Hollow, New York 12.67%
  6. Union City, New Jersey 11.46%
  7. Haverstraw (town), New York 11.13%
  8. Paterson, New Jersey Paterson is a city in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the city population was 149,222. Census population projections indicate a population of 146,545 as of 2007, making it New Jersey's third largest city. It is the county seat of Passaic County. Paterson is known as the "Silk City" for its 10.27%
  9. Bronx, New York 9.99%
  10. Manhattan, New York 8.87%
  11. Providence, Rhode Island Providence is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, and one of the first cities established in the United States. Located in Providence County, it is the estimated second or third largest citya[›] in the New England region. Despite the city proper only having an estimated population of 171,557 as of 2008, it 8.43%
  12. West New York, New Jersey 8.41%
  13. West Haverstraw, New York 8.17%
  14. Freeport, New York 7.37%
  15. Copiague, New York 6.57%
  16. Lynn, Massachusetts 6.2%
  17. New Brunswick, New Jersey 5.88%
  18. Weehawken, New Jersey 5.74%
  19. North Bergen, New Jersey 5.56%
  20. Salem, Massachusetts 5.39%
  21. Prospect Park, New Jersey 5.28%
  22. Guttenberg, New Jersey 5.09%
  23. Brentwood, New York 5.09%
  24. New York, New York 5.08%
  25. Miami Gardens, Broward County, Florida 4.62%

Of places with 500 or more residents born in the Dominican Republic, the ten with the highest percentages are:[8]

  1. Haverstraw, New York 22.6%
  2. Lawrence, Massachusetts 21.4%
  3. Perth Amboy, New Jersey 16.4%
  4. Sleepy Hollow, New York 14.9%
  5. Passaic, New Jersey 12.5%
  6. Union City, New Jersey 10.9%
  7. Paterson, New Jersey 9.6%
  8. Bronx, New York 9.3%
  9. Fort Devens, Massachusetts 8.7%
  10. Manhattan, New York 8.1%

Adjustment and development

A significant number of Dominican Americans are young, first generation immigrants without a higher education, since many hailed from the Dominican rural countryside. Second generation Dominican Americans are overwhelmingly more educated than their first generation counterparts, as reflected by their higher incomes and employment in professional or skilled occupations. Over 21% of all second-generation Dominican Americans have college degrees, slightly below the national average (24%) but significantly higher than U.S.-born Mexican Americans (13%) and U.S.-born Puerto Rican Americans (12%).[9]

Participation in U.S. Politics

The United States House of Representatives does not have a Dominican American member. However, over two dozen Dominican Americans are elected councilmembers, county legislators, and state legislators throughout the United States.[citation needed] They hold office in New York, New Jersey, Rhode Island, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and Puerto Rico.[10]

The electoral participation of Dominicans in the United States may improve as a result of the 1994 approval of dual citizenship by the Dominican legislature, which makes it easier for migrants to become U.S. citizens without relinquishing their Dominican nationality. A 1997 Dominican law, which took effect in 2004, allows Dominicans living abroad to retain their Dominican citizenship and voting rights, even if they become citizens of another country.[citation needed] Traditionally, Dominicans living in the United States are passionately involved in politics "back home", but unlike other Hispanic national groups, such as Cuban Americans and Mexican Americans, Dominican Americans are not as inclined to take an active part in U.S. politics, partly because many dream of eventually returning to the island.[11]

Dominican American culture

Music is at the heart of Dominican American culture.[citation needed] Dominican music includes above all merengue and bachata. Bachata, as well as reggaeton, has become popular among many Dominican American youth, as have house, salsa, rock, hip hop, and other genres.

Almost 90% of all Dominican Americans are Roman Catholic.[citation needed]

Dominican food typically features white rice, legumes (beans, peas, etc), yucca, plantains, mangú, beef, mofongo, moro, and sancocho.[citation needed]

The Dominican Day Parade is one of the biggest parades in New York City and the world.[citation needed] It is by far the largest Dominican parade in the United States.[citation needed]

This section requires expansion.

Crime

Crime has been an issue with some Dominican Americans. One notable individual Santiago Luis Polanco Rodríguez better known by the street name "Yayo" was an infamous head of a drug cartel based in Washington Heights considered to be the first mass marketer of crack cocaine in US. [1]. He later fled to the Dominican Republic, on non related charges but has since been released [2]. There does exist allegations of continued drug operations in the United States. [3]. The Dominicans Don't Play gang have been involved in many acts of violence throughout the United States [4] and Spain [5], particularly in New York City[6] The DDP rival gang [7] known as the Trinitarios which has its origins in the New York Prison system who currently operate as a drug traffickingring according to the United States Department of Justice [8]. There have been cases of dominican victims who were not gang members [9] . There has also been cases of Dominican sports players who have had their signing bonus' stolen. [10]

Notable Dominican Americans

Dominicans and Dominican Americans have made great strides in the field of baseball, the top sport in the Dominican Republic. Sammy Sosa, Moisés Alou, Alex Rodriguez, Alfonso Soriano, Pedro Martínez, Vladimir Guerrero, David Ortiz, Miguel Tejada, Albert Pujols, Manny Ramírez, and Hall of Fame member Juan Marichal are just a few of the many famous current or former Dominican baseball players.

Baseball isn't the only sport with Dominican American figures. The National Basketball Association (NBA) has Charlie Villanueva, born and raised in Elmhurst, Queens, New York; and Francisco Garcia and Al Horford, Dominican immigrants both. Felipe López was a star at Rice High School and St. John's University, both in New York, and played several seasons in the NBA. Luis Flores attended Manhattan College and later played one season in the NBA before going to Europe. In the National Football League (NFL) there is Luis Castillo of the San Diego Chargers and Tutan Reyes of the New York Football Giants.

Dominican Americans have also contributed major literary works on their experiences in the U.S. and the Dominican Republic. Junot Diaz is the author of Drown and The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, which won him the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in April 2008 and made him the first Dominican American and the second Latino in U.S. history to win the Pulitzer Prize.[12] [13] Julia Alvarez is the nationally-recognized author of In the Time of the Butterflies and How the García Girls Lost Their Accents. Nelly Rosario, born in the Dominican Republic and raised in New York City, also won critical acclaim for her debut novel Song of the Water Saints.[14]

Oscar de la Renta is one of the most recognized names in the fashion industry.

Dominican Americans have increasingly made a presence in the financial industry. Cid Wilson was ranked #1 Wall Street financial analyst in the Specialty Retailing category by Forbes in 2006.[15][16]

Among Dominican American politicians are former New York City Council Member and Commissioner of Immigrant Affairs for the City of New York Guillermo Linares; New York State Assemblyman Adriano Espaillat; New York State Assemblyman Jose Peralta; New York City Council Member Diana Reyna; Rhode Island State Senator Juan Pichardo; Rhode Island State Representative Grace Diaz; Passaic, New Jersey Mayor Dr. Alex D. Blanco; Trenton, New Jersey Councilman Manuel Segura; Allentown, Pennsylvania Councilman Julio Guridy; Massachusetts State Representative William Lantigua; first Dominican American New York County Supreme Court Judge Rolando T. Acosta; and many more.

There is a history of Dominican Americans serving in state-level gubernatorial cabinet positions or positions requiring Senatorial confirmation. Dr. Rosa Perez-Perdomo was Secretary of Health for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, from 2005 to 2008.[17] Dr. Eduardo J. Sanchez was Commissioner of Health for the state of Texas from 2001 to 2006.[18] New York Secretary of State Lorraine Cortés-Vázquez is of both Puerto Rican and Dominican descent and has served in her post since March 2007.[19]

In March 2009, New Jersey Governor Jon Corzine nominated Camelia Valdes as Passaic County Prosecutor, thus making her the first Dominican American to become a head Prosecutor or District Attorney in U.S. history.[20] She was sworn-in on August 2009 by Gov. Corzine.[21]

President Barack Obama made his first major Dominican American appointment on March 13, 2009 when he nominated Thomas E. Perez to be Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights.[22] Perez is currently the Secretary of Labor, Licensing, & Regulation for the State of Maryland. If confirmed by the U.S. Senate, Perez would become the highest ranking appointed official of Dominican descent in the U.S.

María Montez was an actress in 1940s Hollywood. Zoe Saldana is an actress born in New Jersey to a Dominican father and Puerto Rican mother. Michelle Rodriguez, born of a Dominican mother and a Puerto Rican father, is well known for her roles in the television series Lost and the movies The Fast and the Furious, S.W.A.T., and Resident Evil. Merlin Santana was a well-known actor from New York City whose parents are Dominican. His most notable role was as Romeo on The Steve Harvey Show. He died in November 2002.

Fashion, modelling, and beauty pageants

Literature

Motion picture and television

Music

Politics

Sport

Baseball

Basketball

Boxing

Other sports

Other notable personalities

Notes and references

  1. ^ a b "United States - Selected Population Profile in the United States (Dominican (Dominican Republic))". http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/IPTable?_bm=y&-reg=ACS_2006_EST_G00_S0201:405;ACS_2006_EST_G00_S0201PR:405;ACS_2006_EST_G00_S0201T:405;ACS_2006_EST_G00_S0201TPR:405&-qr_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_S0201&-qr_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_S0201PR&-qr_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_S0201T&-qr_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_S0201TPR&-ds_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_&-TABLE_NAMEX=&-ci_type=A&-redoLog=false&-geo_id=01000US&-geo_id=NBSP&-format=&-_lang=en. Retrieved 2007-12-18.
  2. ^ The terms "Dominican American" and "Dominican York" are rarely used within the community in the US. Recent studies in New York suggest most favored calling themselves simply "Dominican" - see Jorge Duany, El Barrio Gandul, Economia subterranea y migracion indocumentada en Puerto Rico, 1995
  3. ^ "B03001. HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY SPECIFIC ORIGIN - Universe: TOTAL POPULATION". 2006 American Community Survey. United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTTable?_bm=y&-ds_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_&-CONTEXT=dt&-mt_name=ACS_2006_EST_G2000_B03001&-redoLog=false&-currentselections=ACS_2006_EST_G2000_B03001&-geo_id=01000US&-format=&-_lang=en. Retrieved 2008-05-01.
  4. ^ "Custom Table - American FactFinder; C03001. HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY SPECIFIC ORIGIN". 2006 American Community Survey, 2006 Puerto Rico Community Survey. United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/CTTable?_bm=y&-context=ct&-ds_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_&-mt_name=ACS_2006_EST_G2000_C03001&-tree_id=306&-redoLog=false&-geo_id=01000US&-geo_id=04000US01&-geo_id=04000US02&-geo_id=04000US04&-geo_id=04000US05&-geo_id=04000US06&-geo_id=04000US08&-geo_id=04000US09&-geo_id=04000US10&-geo_id=04000US11&-geo_id=04000US12&-geo_id=04000US13&-geo_id=04000US15&-geo_id=04000US16&-geo_id=04000US17&-geo_id=04000US18&-geo_id=04000US19&-geo_id=04000US20&-geo_id=04000US21&-geo_id=04000US22&-geo_id=04000US23&-geo_id=04000US24&-geo_id=04000US25&-geo_id=04000US26&-geo_id=04000US27&-geo_id=04000US28&-geo_id=04000US29&-geo_id=04000US30&-geo_id=04000US31&-geo_id=04000US32&-geo_id=04000US33&-geo_id=04000US34&-geo_id=04000US35&-geo_id=04000US36&-geo_id=04000US37&-geo_id=04000US38&-geo_id=04000US39&-geo_id=04000US40&-geo_id=04000US41&-geo_id=04000US42&-geo_id=04000US44&-geo_id=04000US45&-geo_id=04000US46&-geo_id=04000US47&-geo_id=04000US48&-geo_id=04000US49&-geo_id=04000US50&-geo_id=04000US51&-geo_id=04000US53&-geo_id=04000US54&-geo_id=04000US55&-geo_id=04000US56&-geo_id=04000US72&-search_results=01000US&-dataitem=ACS_2006_EST_G2000_C03001.C03001_1_EST. Retrieved 2008-05-01.
  5. ^ Rodriguez, Carla E. (2000). Changing Race: Latinos, the Census, and the History of Ethnicity in the United States. New York University Press. p. 9.
  6. ^ Latinos: Remaking America. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2002-06-17.
  7. ^ "Ancestry Map of Dominican Communities". Epodunk.com. http://www.epodunk.com/ancestry/Dominican-Republic.html. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
  8. ^ "Top 101 cities with the most residents born in the Dominican Republic (population 500+)". city-data.com. http://www.city-data.com/top2/h135.html. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
  9. ^ Castro, Max J. (2002). The Dominican Diaspora Revisited, Dominicans and Dominican-Americans in a New Century.
  10. ^ "DANR - Dominican American National Roundtable". http://www.danr.org/ip.asp?op=Elected. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  11. ^ Yahaira Castro (2004-10-26). "FRONTLINE/WORLD. Election 2004 - Dominican Republic". http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/elections/dominicanrepublic/. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  12. ^ "DANR Congratulates Junot Diaz as first Dominican American To Win Pulitzer Prize". http://www.danr.org/ip.asp?op=Press080408.
  13. ^ "Junot Díaz wins Pulitzer for 'Oscar Wao'". http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2008/diaz-pulitzer-0407.html.
  14. ^ "Amazon listing with reviews". http://www.amazon.com/Song-Water-Saints-Nelly-Rosario/dp/0375420878.
  15. ^ "DR-1 Daily News - May 4, 2006". http://dr1.com/news/2006/dnews050406.shtml#10.
  16. ^ "The Best Analysts - Earnings Estimators". http://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/26/Name_7.html.
  17. ^ "Dr. Rosa Perez-Perdomo addresses DANR 10th Annual National Conference". http://www.danr.org/ip.asp?op=Press071126.
  18. ^ "Dr. Eduardo Sanchez addresses DANR 8th Annual National Conference". http://www.danr.org/ip.asp?op=Press050921.
  19. ^ "NY Sec. of State Lorraine Cortes-Vazquez to addresses DANR 11th Annual National Conference". http://www.danr.org/ip.asp?op=Press080922.
  20. ^ "DANR Congratulates Camelia Valdes As The First Dominican American In U.S. History To Head A Prosecutor’s Office". http://danr.org/2009/06/30/danr-congratulates-camelia-valdes-as-the-first-dominican-american-in-u-s-history-to-head-a-prosecutor%e2%80%99s-office.
  21. ^ "Valdes sworn in as New Jersey's first Latina Prosecutor". http://www.northjersey.com/news/Valdes_sworn_in_as_states_first_Latina_county_prosecutor.html.
  22. ^ "President Barack Obama nominates Tom Perez as Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights". http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/President-Obama-Announces-More-Key-Administration-Posts-3-13-09/.
  23. ^ "DANR Congratulates All Dominicans Who Won Elections On Election Day, Including First Dominican Elected Mayor". http://www.danr.org/ip.asp?op=press081106.
  24. ^ http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/pichardo
  25. ^ http://juliotavarez.com/info/
  26. ^ Ralph Mercado, Impresario, Dies at 67 from The New York Times 11 March 2009

External links

Hispanic and Latino American groups
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Categories: Ethnic groups in the United States | Americans of Dominican Republic descent | People of Dominican Republic descent

 

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